Russian culture
Hello, my name is Anna Myburgh. I’d like to share with the readers some interesting facts about Russian geography, history, art, hospitality, and holiday traditions.
Russia is the world’s largest country. Its territory is 17, 075, 200 kilometers (6, 592, 735 square miles). Russia borders Norway, Finland, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, North Korea, and Mongolia. Russia also partially borders Poland and Lithuania. Moscow is the capital of Russia. Besides Russians (80%), over 160 cultural groups reside in the country. They are Tatars, Ukranians, Bashkir, Chechens, Armenians, and other ethnic groups.
Russian culture took root from East Slavs, formerly the main population of Kievan Rus. The culture of Russian ancestors was influenced by Finns, Estonians, Mordvins, Hungarians, Turks, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and other countries of Western Europe. The main religion is Orthodox Christianity. It was accepted from the Eastern Roman Empire in 988.
Peter the Great’s reforms encouraged Russian culture to overlap other European cultures. However, Communism in the 20th century used censorship to develop distinctive culture and art. After the fall of Soviet Union, Russian culture became open to the world and international tourism.
Russia is known for Stacking dolls or Matryoshka dolls. The history dates back to Sergiev Posad (1899), a small town near Moscow, where the first Matryoshka was made. The word matryoshka stems from the ancient Russian girl's names Matryona and Matriosha, which are in turn derived from the Latin word "mater" meaning "mother".
The process of making Matryoshka dolls is lengthy and requires special skills. Birch trees are cut and stripped of bark. Then the trees are dried for up to 15 years. A wood turner crafts each doll into many pieces, smoothes, and primes. Then the artist takes over to paint the doll.
Russia is also known for its tradition of icon painting. This custom began in Kievan Rus with the acceptance of Orthodox Christianity. Russian icons are made of wood. Andrei Rublev and his icon painting “Rublev’s Trinity” are very well-known. The icons are important to churches, monasteries, and religious homes.
Russian cuisine is rich in breads, pancakes (blini), borsht (beet soup), Vinaigrette (beet salad), pelmeni (dough and meat dish), pirogis (sweet and meat pies), and shashlyk (kabobs). Russian people enjoy cooking. In fact, “cooking with soul” is their way to demonstrate hospitality and love for the guests. Russians often spend all of their money to lay a beautiful table and please the guests.
Russia has eight public holidays. They are: The New Year (December 31st), Orthodox Christmas (January 7th), Defender of the Fatherland Day (February 23rd), International Women’s Day (March 8th), The Day of Spring and Labor (May 1st), Victory Day (May 9th), Russia Day (June 12th), Unity Day (November 4th).
The New Year (December 31st) is similar to Christmas in the U.S. Father Frost plays the same role as Santa. It is a tradition to exchange gifts, spend time with family and friends, and enjoy dishes of Russian cuisine.
Orthodox Christmas (January 7th) is a strictly religious holiday. It is a tradition to go to church and spend time with family. There is no gift exchange. Thinking about God and praying is very important to Russian people.
Defender of the Fatherland Day (February 23rd) honors men serving in the army. Although it resembles Father’s Day in the U.S., it is the tradition to also honor little boys and give every one gifts.
International Women’s Day (March 8th) celebrates political, economic, and social achievements of women. Although it resembles Mother’s Day in the U.S., little girls also get flowers and presents.
The Day of Spring and Labor (May 1st) is celebrated with parades, concerts, food, dancing, and fireworks.
Victory Day (May 9th) celebrates the victory over Nazi Germany in World War II. A military parade is organized on Red Square in Moscow. It is a tradition to spend time with family and friends, enjoy Russian cuisine, and watch movies about the war.
Russia Day (June 12th) is similar to the Independence Day in U.S. It is celebrated with parade, food, and fireworks.
Unity Day (November 4th) is a public holiday. The idea is that people of all nations unite to preserve Russian statehood. It is celebrated by laying flowers for national heroes, going to church, and visiting with family and friends.
Russian culture is rich in traditions and culture. My hope is that the readers might get the chance to travel there and sample for themselves this wonderful country.
Written by: Anna Myburgh
WSU International Student
Kazakhstan